Primary battery



.PATRNTRD JULY 2, 19o?. RR. RITE. PRIMARY BATTERY. `APPLIATIQN FILED DEO. 23, 1905.

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PATBNTED JUY 2,- 1907.

1 c. E. HITB. i PRIMARY BATTERY.

APPLIoATlo' FILED Dnc. as. 1905.

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cuAnLEs E. HITE, or .UaLiNe'rOn NEW' JERSEY, AssiGNoRiTo Hirn ELECTRIC COMPANY,

' A CORPORATION OE-DEliwAnE.

PRIMARY BATTERY is a specilication.

lMy invention relates to improvements in primary batteries.

The object of my inventionis to produce a battery or cell of compact form, which will give a greater potential difference between its terminals` `than is now obtained by two elements of opposite polarity in one liquid.

My invention comprises means for bringing elements of opposite polarity close together, and for maintaining a body of electrolyte in such manner, that, as the electrolyteimmediately about the electrodes becomes exhausted, it will be replaced by fresh electrolyte, gradually and continuously, until the entire body of electrolyte becomes exhausted.

My'invention also comprises means whereby the exhaustcd electrolyte is delivered to Athe bottom of the lower portion of the bulk of stored electrolyte, while fresh electrolyte is delivered to the electrodes from the upper portion of said mass, so that there shall be as little diffusion as possible of the exhausted electrolyte in the fresh. l

Referring to the drawings z-Figure 1 is a verticalsection on l, 1 of Fig. 2.y Fig. 2 is a vertical section on 2, 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cell element, with the electrodes removed. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a pair of electrodes connected together.- Fig. 5 is al vertical sectionof a modiied form of battery on 5, 5 of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on 6, 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan view of said modilied form of battery with the electrodes removed, and a portion ofthe wall broken away. y

Similar numerals referto similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to Figs'. l, 2 and 3, 7 indicates a receptacle or cell made of wood, hard rubber, metal, or any other suitable material properly coated On its inner surface,

9 being bent over at its upper side, and bolted securely 4 to the carbon 10. The horizontaliportion of zinc 9l is adapted to rest upon the top of partition 8, so that the main body of the zinc will lie uponone side of the partition, While the carbon will lie upon the other side of the Specification of' Letters Patent. Application filed December 2.1.3, 1905'. Serial Noi 293,061.

Patented July 2, 1907.

partition; that is, the zinc will lie in one compartment, .vhilethe carbon connected therewith will lie in the next adjoining. The zinc in 'the compartment on one side ofthe cell is bent over and connected with the terminal binding post 11, while the carbon in'the compartment on the other side of the cell is connected by plate 12 to the other terminal binding post 13. VThe partitions S extend downwardly below the lower'extremities of the electrodes,.as shown in Fig. 1, so as to separate the electrolyte, in which is immersed each pair of electrodes,

from that of eachother pair.

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The connection and arrangement of electrodes sepa rated by partitions, as shown in the drawings, enables a ccll to be constructed whereby any desired number of volts can bc produced corresponding to the.number of plates or electrodes between the two terminal posts. This gives the same el'iect in potential as separate cells, but in amuch more compact form, and with one electrolyte.4

The object of the undivided lower' part of'the cell 7'is for reservoir or storage capacity for fresh electrolyte.4

As the electrolyte becomes weaker or exhausted between the electrodes facing each other in each compartment, it becomes heavier with the salt ofthe metal, and will sink. New or fresh electrolyte will rise from the lower part Oi the cell to take its place, and there is a continuous but gradual changing of theelectrolyte until the entire mass becomes practically exhausted. v

1n Figs. 5, 6 and 7, I show a modification of the means for circulating the electrolyte to prevent the heavier liquid containing the salt from mixing, by'diffusiom; directly with the liquid in the loweror storage part of the cell as it settles to the bottom. Slightly` below the lower extremity of the partitions 8 I form the horizontal partition 1.4 extending entirely across thecell in one direction, as shown in Fig. 5, but onlypart way across the Acell in the other direction, as shown in Fig. 6. From, one edge of partition 14 I provide the partition lextending verticallyto thetop of the cell i7 andfrom the other edge of partition 14 I provide the partition 16. extending vertically to near the bottom of cell`7. This leaves the tures 21: into the several compartments. Thus will be avoided any unnecessary mixing of the exhausted elec-4 trolyte with the fresh electrolyte. This is particularly e metal increases the rey its upper extension into' a 5` number of compartments open at the 1lottom and top, the

space beneath said compartments forming a reservoir, and

partitions in said receptacle forming compartments to the bottom of -a channel from the the reservoir, and a channel from the top of the reservoir to the top of the coml() partments.

2. 'A primary cell provided in its upper half lwith n pluplurality of vertical extending partitions forming compartments open at the top and l5. ing a reservoir, an' electrolyte bottom, 'each compartment, the lower half of said receptacle fortuapair of electrodes in common to compartments and reservoir, means for conducting electrolyte from the compartments` to the bottom of ing -in contact with the mass the reservoir without cornof electrolyte immediately of the reservoir to the 3. In a primary cell the combination or :t receptacle having a plurality of compartments at its upper end, and

a reservoir beneath the compartments, the compartments open at the top and bottom, a pair of electrodes in each compartment, an electrolyte common to reservoir and compartments, means for conducting the electrolyte from the compartments, as it becomes partially exhausted, to the bottom of the reservoir Without mingling with the fresh electrolyte in the upper part of the reservoir. :1nd means forv conducting said fresh electrolyte from the upper part upper part of said compartments.

CHARLES E. Hl'liu. Witnesses :l

EUGENE Zinomcn, Emzsnn'rn L. MnorLLmAN. 

